Minggu, 27 April 2014
Formula untuk Past Continuous atau Past Progressive Tense adalah:
Subject + (Was/Were) + (Verb1+ing) + Object + Modifier
Contoh:
1. Farmers in Jati Bali were growing rice crops at 9 a.m yesterday. (Petani-petani di Jati Bali sedang menanam padi jam 9 pagi kemarin).
2. Some students were conducting research on vegetative plant propagations when I went to the agronomy laboratory two days ago. (Beberapa siswa sedang melakukan penelitian pada perbanyakan tanaman vegetatif ketika saya pergi ke lab. agronmy dua hari lalu).
3. Transpiration was starting to increase at 8 a.m. this morning. (Transpirasi sedang mulai meningkat jam 8 pagi tadi).
Penggunaan Past Continuous Tense
1. Past Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian yang sedang terjadi pada waktu yang spesifik di masa lampau. Dalam hal ini, spesifikasi waktu biasanya dinyatakan dengan jam (i.e. jam berapa kejadian itu berlangsung). Specific Time as an Interruption, the Past Continuous is interrupted by a shorter action in the Simple Past. However, you can also use a specific time as an interruption.
Contoh:
1. My daughter was watching TV at eight o’clock last night. (Anak saya sedang nonton TV jam 8 tadi malam).
2. She was copying the materials at 10 o’clock this morning. (Dia sedang memfotokopi materi jam 10 tadi pagi).
3. I was discussing English with my classmates at 2 p.m. last Friday. (Saya sedang mendiskusikan bahasa Inggris dengan teman-teman kelas saya jam 2 sore hari Jumat yang lalu).
4. I was being busy at 8 o’clock yesterday morning. (Saya sedang sibuk jam 8 pagi kemarin).
5. They were being very happy at 9 o’clock last Saturday night. (Mereka sedang sangat bahagia jam 9 malam minggu lalu).
2. Past Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang sedang terjadi atau sedang berlangsung di masa lampau, yang terinterupsi oleh kejadian yang lain. Interrupted Action in the Past, Use the Past Continuous to indicate that a longer action in the past was interrupted. The interruption is usually a shorter action in the Simple Past. Remember this can be a real interruption or just an interruption in time.
Dalam hal ini, formulanya adalah sebagai berikut:
When + subject1 + simple past tense, subject2 + past continuous
Subject1 + past continuous + when + subject2 + simple past tense
Note: Kejadian/aktivitas yang menginterupsi dinyatakan dalam past tense dan berfungsi sebagai keterangan waktu. Jika ditempatkan di awal kalimat, sisipkan tanda koma sebelum main clause.
Contoh:
1. When I came home, my daughter was watching TV. (Ketika saya pulang, putri saya sedang nonton TV).
2. When I called him last night, he was playing card with his friends. (Ketika saya telpon dia tadi malam, dia sedang main kartu dengan teman-temannya).
3. When she screamed for help, we were chitchatting. (Ketika dia berteriak minta tolong, kami sedang ngobrol).
4. When someone broke into our house, we were sleeping. (Ktika seseorang masuk/mencuri ke dalam rumah kami, kami sedang tidur).
5. I held my breath when somebody was behaving suspiciously in my backyard. (Saya menahan nafas saya ketika seseorang bertingkah laku mencurigakan di belakang rumah saya).
3. Past Continuous Tense juga digunakan untuk menyatakan dua kejadian yang terjadi pada saat bersamaan di masa lampau. Dalam hal ini, formula berikut biasanya digunakan. Parallel Actions, When you use the Past Continuous with two actions in the same sentence, it expresses the idea that both actions were happening at the same time. The actions are parallel.
While + subject1 + past continuous, subject2 + past continuous
Subject1 + past continuous + while + subject2 + past continuous
Contoh:
1. While I was typing this note, my family was watching TV in the family room. (Sementara saya sedang mengetik catatan ini, keluarga saya sedang nonton TV di ruang keluarga).
2. While the president was giving his speech, the audience was listening to him carefully. (Sementara presiden sedang berpidato, pemirsa/hadirin sedang mendengarkannya dengan seksama).
3. Male students were playing around while female ones were chitchatting. (Murid-murid laki-laki sedang bermain-main sementara murid-murid wanita sedang ngobrol).
4. My roommate was snoring loudly while I was studying. (Teman sekamar saya sedang mendengkur keras sementara saya sedang belajar).
5. We were smoking while we were drinking. (Kami sedang merokok sementara kami sedang minum).
4. Past Continuous Tense juga digunakan untuk menyatakan lebih dari dua kegiatan(action) yang terjadi pada saat bersamaan di masa lampau. Atmosphere, we often use a series of parallel actions to describe the atmosphere at a particular time in the past.
Contoh:
• When I walked into the office, several people were busily typing, some were talking on the phones, the boss was yelling directions, and customers were waiting to be helped. One customer was yelling at a secretary and waving his hands. Others were complaining to each other about the bad service.
5. Past Continuous Tense juga digunakan untuk menjelaskan sesuatu yang terjadi berulang-berulang di masa lampau. Repetition and Irritation with "Always" , The Past Continuous with words such as "always" or "constantly" expresses the idea that something irritating or shocking often happened in the past. The concept is very similar to the expression "used to" but with negative emotion. Remember to put the words "always" or "constantly" between "be" and "verb+ing."
Contoh:
• She was always coming to class late.
• He was constantly talking. He annoyed everyone.
• I didn't like them because they were always complaining.
Subject + (Was/Were) + (Verb1+ing) + Object + Modifier
Contoh:
1. Farmers in Jati Bali were growing rice crops at 9 a.m yesterday. (Petani-petani di Jati Bali sedang menanam padi jam 9 pagi kemarin).
2. Some students were conducting research on vegetative plant propagations when I went to the agronomy laboratory two days ago. (Beberapa siswa sedang melakukan penelitian pada perbanyakan tanaman vegetatif ketika saya pergi ke lab. agronmy dua hari lalu).
3. Transpiration was starting to increase at 8 a.m. this morning. (Transpirasi sedang mulai meningkat jam 8 pagi tadi).
Penggunaan Past Continuous Tense
1. Past Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian yang sedang terjadi pada waktu yang spesifik di masa lampau. Dalam hal ini, spesifikasi waktu biasanya dinyatakan dengan jam (i.e. jam berapa kejadian itu berlangsung). Specific Time as an Interruption, the Past Continuous is interrupted by a shorter action in the Simple Past. However, you can also use a specific time as an interruption.
Contoh:
1. My daughter was watching TV at eight o’clock last night. (Anak saya sedang nonton TV jam 8 tadi malam).
2. She was copying the materials at 10 o’clock this morning. (Dia sedang memfotokopi materi jam 10 tadi pagi).
3. I was discussing English with my classmates at 2 p.m. last Friday. (Saya sedang mendiskusikan bahasa Inggris dengan teman-teman kelas saya jam 2 sore hari Jumat yang lalu).
4. I was being busy at 8 o’clock yesterday morning. (Saya sedang sibuk jam 8 pagi kemarin).
5. They were being very happy at 9 o’clock last Saturday night. (Mereka sedang sangat bahagia jam 9 malam minggu lalu).
2. Past Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang sedang terjadi atau sedang berlangsung di masa lampau, yang terinterupsi oleh kejadian yang lain. Interrupted Action in the Past, Use the Past Continuous to indicate that a longer action in the past was interrupted. The interruption is usually a shorter action in the Simple Past. Remember this can be a real interruption or just an interruption in time.
Dalam hal ini, formulanya adalah sebagai berikut:
When + subject1 + simple past tense, subject2 + past continuous
Subject1 + past continuous + when + subject2 + simple past tense
Note: Kejadian/aktivitas yang menginterupsi dinyatakan dalam past tense dan berfungsi sebagai keterangan waktu. Jika ditempatkan di awal kalimat, sisipkan tanda koma sebelum main clause.
Contoh:
1. When I came home, my daughter was watching TV. (Ketika saya pulang, putri saya sedang nonton TV).
2. When I called him last night, he was playing card with his friends. (Ketika saya telpon dia tadi malam, dia sedang main kartu dengan teman-temannya).
3. When she screamed for help, we were chitchatting. (Ketika dia berteriak minta tolong, kami sedang ngobrol).
4. When someone broke into our house, we were sleeping. (Ktika seseorang masuk/mencuri ke dalam rumah kami, kami sedang tidur).
5. I held my breath when somebody was behaving suspiciously in my backyard. (Saya menahan nafas saya ketika seseorang bertingkah laku mencurigakan di belakang rumah saya).
3. Past Continuous Tense juga digunakan untuk menyatakan dua kejadian yang terjadi pada saat bersamaan di masa lampau. Dalam hal ini, formula berikut biasanya digunakan. Parallel Actions, When you use the Past Continuous with two actions in the same sentence, it expresses the idea that both actions were happening at the same time. The actions are parallel.
While + subject1 + past continuous, subject2 + past continuous
Subject1 + past continuous + while + subject2 + past continuous
Contoh:
1. While I was typing this note, my family was watching TV in the family room. (Sementara saya sedang mengetik catatan ini, keluarga saya sedang nonton TV di ruang keluarga).
2. While the president was giving his speech, the audience was listening to him carefully. (Sementara presiden sedang berpidato, pemirsa/hadirin sedang mendengarkannya dengan seksama).
3. Male students were playing around while female ones were chitchatting. (Murid-murid laki-laki sedang bermain-main sementara murid-murid wanita sedang ngobrol).
4. My roommate was snoring loudly while I was studying. (Teman sekamar saya sedang mendengkur keras sementara saya sedang belajar).
5. We were smoking while we were drinking. (Kami sedang merokok sementara kami sedang minum).
4. Past Continuous Tense juga digunakan untuk menyatakan lebih dari dua kegiatan(action) yang terjadi pada saat bersamaan di masa lampau. Atmosphere, we often use a series of parallel actions to describe the atmosphere at a particular time in the past.
Contoh:
• When I walked into the office, several people were busily typing, some were talking on the phones, the boss was yelling directions, and customers were waiting to be helped. One customer was yelling at a secretary and waving his hands. Others were complaining to each other about the bad service.
5. Past Continuous Tense juga digunakan untuk menjelaskan sesuatu yang terjadi berulang-berulang di masa lampau. Repetition and Irritation with "Always" , The Past Continuous with words such as "always" or "constantly" expresses the idea that something irritating or shocking often happened in the past. The concept is very similar to the expression "used to" but with negative emotion. Remember to put the words "always" or "constantly" between "be" and "verb+ing."
Contoh:
• She was always coming to class late.
• He was constantly talking. He annoyed everyone.
• I didn't like them because they were always complaining.
